iLID

Photoreceptor AsLOV2–SsrA
Binding partner SspB
Cofactor FMN
Source organism Avena sativa
Mode of action heterodimerization
Excitation wavelength 450 nm
Reversion wavelength dark
Excitation time seconds
Reversion time seconds to minutes (variants available)
Crystal Structure of the iLID heterodimer. (PDB ID: 4WF0)

Related original publications

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  1. Light-induced targeting enables proteomics on endogenous condensates. Cell, 2024
  2. Light-guided actin polymerization drives directed motility in protocells. bioRxiv, 2024
  3. Long range mutual activation establishes Rho and Rac polarity during cell migration. bioRxiv, 2024
  4. Inward transport of organelles drives outward migration of the spindle during C. elegans meiosis. bioRxiv, 2024
  5. PIP5K-Ras bistability initiates plasma membrane symmetry breaking to regulate cell polarity and migration. bioRxiv, 2024
  6. Systems mapping of bidirectional endosomal transport through the crowded cell. Curr Biol, 2024
  7. Feedback regulation by the RhoA-specific GEF ARHGEF17 regulates actomyosin network disassembly. bioRxiv, 2024
  8. ERK synchronizes embryonic cleavages in Drosophila. Dev Cell, 2024
  9. Rapid and reversible dissolution of biomolecular condensates using light-controlled recruitment of a solubility tag. Nat Commun, 2024
  10. Endoplasmic reticulum exit sites are segregated for secretion based on cargo size. Dev Cell, 2024
  11. Phospholipase C beta 1 in the dentate gyrus gates fear memory formation through regulation of neuronal excitability. Sci Adv, 2024
  12. Light-Inducible Activation of TrkA for Probing Chronic Pain in Mice. ACS Chem Biol, 2024
  13. Traveling wave chemotaxis of neutrophil-like HL-60 cells. bioRxiv, 2024
  14. Large-scale control over collective cell migration using light-controlled epidermal growth factor receptors. bioRxiv, 2024
  15. Focal adhesions are controlled by microtubules through local contractility regulation. EMBO J, 2024
  16. Endogenous OptoRhoGEFs reveal biophysical principles of epithelial tissue furrowing. bioRxiv, 2024
  17. A light-controlled phospholipase C for imaging of lipid dynamics and controlling neural plasticity. Cell Chem Biol, 2024
  18. Spatiotemporal Organization of Functional Cargoes by Light-Switchable Condensation in Escherichia coli Cells. JACS Au, 2024
  19. Dynamic Light-Induced Protein Patterns at Model Membranes. J Vis Exp, 2024
  20. Asymmetric oligomerization state and sequence patterning can tune multiphase condensate miscibility. Nat Chem, 2024
  21. Simple visualization of submicroscopic protein clusters with a phase-separation-based fluorescent reporter. Cell Syst, 2024
  22. Interplay of condensation and chromatin binding underlies BRD4 targeting. bioRxiv, 2024
  23. Using split protein reassembly strategy to optically control PLD enzymatic activity. bioRxiv, 2024
  24. Ultralow Background Membrane Editors for Spatiotemporal Control of Phosphatidic Acid Metabolism and Signaling ACS Cent Sci, 2024
  25. Rapid and reversible dissolution of biomolecular condensates using light-controlled recruitment of a solubility tag. bioRxiv, 2024
  26. Light-based juxtacrine signaling between synthetic cells. bioRxiv, 2024
  27. Spatiotemporal Optical Control of Gαq-PLCβ Interactions. ACS Synth Biol, 2023
  28. Photoactivation of LOV domains with chemiluminescence. Chem Sci, 2023
  29. A single-component, light-assisted uncaging switch for endoproteolytic release. Nat Chem Biol, 2023
  30. Critical capillary waves of biomolecular condensates. bioRxiv, 2023
  31. Local negative feedback of Rac activity at the leading edge underlies a pilot pseudopod-like program for amoeboid cell guidance. PLoS Biol, 2023
  32. CaaX-motif-adjacent residues influence G protein gamma (Gγ) prenylation under suboptimal conditions. J Biol Chem, 2023
  33. ActuAtor, a Listeria-inspired molecular tool for physical manipulation of intracellular organizations through de novo actin polymerization. Cell Rep, 2023
  34. Light-activated microtubule-based two-dimensional active nematic. Soft Matter, 2023
  35. Control of cell retraction and protrusion with a single protein. bioRxiv, 2023
  36. Dynamics of an incoherent feedforward loop drive ERK-dependent pattern formation in the early Drosophila embryo. Development, 2023
  37. C-terminal sequence stability profiling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals protective protein quality control pathways. J Biol Chem, 2023
  38. Optogenetic clustering and membrane translocation of the BcLOV4 photoreceptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2023
  39. Opto-RhoGEFs, an optimized optogenetic toolbox to reversibly control Rho GTPase activity on a global to subcellular scale, enabling precise control over vascular endothelial barrier strength. Elife, 2023
  40. Concept and considerations of a medical device: the active noise cancelling incubator. Front Pediatr, 2023
  41. Cell protrusions and contractions generate long-range membrane tension propagation. Cell, 2023
  42. Actuation of single downstream nodes in growth factor network steers immune cell migration. Dev Cell, 2023
  43. Engineered allostery in light-regulated LOV-Turbo enables precise spatiotemporal control of proximity labeling in living cells. Nat Methods, 2023
  44. Self-Regulated and Bidirectional Communication in Synthetic Cell Communities. ACS Nano, 2023
  45. A disordered tether to iLID improves photoswitchable protein patterning on model membranes. Chem Commun (Camb), 2023
  46. Mechanosensitive mTORC2 independently coordinates leading and trailing edge polarity programs during neutrophil migration. Mol Biol Cell, 2023
  47. Motor processivity and speed determine structure and dynamics of microtubule-motor assemblies. Elife, 2023
  48. Rac negative feedback links local PIP3 rate-of-change to dynamic control of neutrophil guidance. bioRxiv, 2023
  49. Orthogonal Light-Dependent Membrane Adhesion Induces Social Self-Sorting and Member-Specific DNA Communication in Synthetic Cell Communities. Small, 2023
  50. Mechanistic insights into cancer drug resistance through optogenetic PI3K signaling hyperactivation. Cell Chem Biol, 2022
  51. Integrin-based adhesion compartmentalizes ALK3 of the BMPRII to control cell adhesion and migration. J Cell Biol, 2022
  52. Opto-katanin, an optogenetic tool for localized, microtubule disassembly. Curr Biol, 2022
  53. Optogenetic control of apical constriction induces synthetic morphogenesis in mammalian tissues. Nat Commun, 2022
  54. Defunctionalizing intracellular organelles such as mitochondria and peroxisomes with engineered phospholipase A/acyltransferases. Nat Commun, 2022
  55. Dimerization of iLID Optogenetic Proteins Observed Using 3D Single-Molecule Tracking in Live Bacterial Cells. bioRxiv, 2022
  56. A non-canonical Raf function is required for dorsal-ventral patterning during Drosophila embryogenesis. Sci Rep, 2022
  57. Synthetic cells with self-activating optogenetic proteins communicate with natural cells. Nat Commun, 2022
  58. mTORC2 coordinates the leading and trailing edge cytoskeletal programs during neutrophil migration. bioRxiv, 2022
  59. Persistent cell migration emerges from a coupling between protrusion dynamics and polarized trafficking. Elife, 2022
  60. A rich get richer effect governs intracellular condensate size distributions. bioRxiv, 2022
  61. Optical Sensors and Actuators for Probing Proximity-Dependent Biotinylation in Living Cells. Front Cell Neurosci, 2022
  62. Oncogenic protein condensates modulate cell signal perception and drug tolerance. bioRxiv, 2022
  63. Compartmentalization of telomeres through DNA-scaffolded phase separation. Dev Cell, 2022
  64. Substratum stiffness regulates Erk signaling dynamics through receptor-level control. Cell Rep, 2021
  65. Temperature-responsive optogenetic probes of cell signaling. Nat Chem Biol, 2021
  66. Optogenetic relaxation of actomyosin contractility uncovers mechanistic roles of cortical tension during cytokinesis. Nat Commun, 2021
  67. Gezielte Injektion von Effektoren durch Kontrolle der Proteindynamik. BIOspektrum (Heidelb), 2021
  68. An Optogenetic Toolbox for Synergistic Regulation of Protein Abundance. ACS Synth Biol, 2021
  69. A synthetic gene circuit for imaging-free detection of signaling pulses. Cell Syst, 2021
  70. Nano-optogenetic engineering of CAR T cells for precision immunotherapy with enhanced safety. Nat Nanotechnol, 2021
  71. An active tethering mechanism controls the fate of vesicles. Nat Commun, 2021
  72. Circularly permuted AsLOV2 as an optogenetic module for engineering photoswitchable peptides. Chem Commun (Camb), 2021
  73. Mechanical Frustration of Phase Separation in the Cell Nucleus by Chromatin. Phys Rev Lett, 2021
  74. Positive feedback between the T cell kinase Zap70 and its substrate LAT acts as a clustering-dependent signaling switch. Cell Rep, 2021
  75. Cell to Cell Signaling through Light in Artificial Cell Communities: Glowing Predator Lures Prey. ACS Nano, 2021
  76. mem-iLID, a fast and economic protein purification method. Biosci Rep, 2021
  77. Optogenetic model reveals cell shape regulation through FAK and Fascin. J Cell Sci, 2021
  78. Temporal integration of inductive cues on the way to gastrulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2021
  79. Light-inducible deformation of mitochondria in live cells. Cell Chem Biol, 2021
  80. Engineering a Blue Light Inducible SpyTag System (BLISS). J Am Chem Soc, 2021
  81. Bioluminescent Synthetic Cells Communicate with Natural Cells and Self-Activate Light-Responsive Proteins. bioRxiv, 2021
  82. Circularly permuted LOV2 as a modular photoswitch for optogenetic engineering. Nat Chem Biol, 2021
  83. Endothelial cell invasion is controlled by dactylopodia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2021
  84. Dynamics and heterogeneity of Erk-induced immediate-early gene expression. bioRxiv, 2021
  85. Optimized iLID Membrane Anchors for Local Optogenetic Protein Recruitment. ACS Synth Biol, 2021
  86. T cells selectively filter oscillatory signals on the minutes timescale. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2021
  87. Optogenetic control of PRC1 reveals its role in chromosome alignment on the spindle by overlap length-dependent forces. Elife, 2021
  88. Optogenetic control of small GTPases reveals RhoA mediates intracellular calcium signaling. J Biol Chem, 2021
  89. Optogenetic inhibition and activation of Rac and Rap1 using a modified iLID system. bioRxiv, 2020
  90. Rho1 activation recapitulates early gastrulation events in the ventral, but not dorsal, epithelium of Drosophila embryos. Elife, 2020
  91. Development of light-responsive protein binding in the monobody non-immunoglobulin scaffold. Nat Commun, 2020
  92. Optogenetic control of protein binding using light-switchable nanobodies. Nat Commun, 2020
  93. Engineering combinatorial and dynamic decoders using synthetic immediate-early genes. Commun Biol, 2020
  94. Multistimuli Sensing Adhesion Unit for the Self-Positioning of Minimal Synthetic Cells. Small, 2020
  95. Dynamic centriolar localization of Polo and Centrobin in early mitosis primes centrosome asymmetry. PLoS Biol, 2020
  96. Heterogeneous somatostatin-expressing neuron population in mouse ventral tegmental area. Elife, 2020
  97. Photo-SNAP-tag, a Light-Regulated Chemical Labeling System. ACS Chem Biol, 2020
  98. LITESEC-T3SS - Light-controlled protein delivery into eukaryotic cells with high spatial and temporal resolution. Nat Commun, 2020
  99. Photoactivatable Cre recombinase 3.0 for in vivo mouse applications. Nat Commun, 2020
  100. Construction of Light-Activated Neurotrophin Receptors Using the Improved Light-Induced Dimerizer (iLID). J Mol Biol, 2020
  101. An optimized toolbox for the optogenetic control of intracellular transport. J Cell Biol, 2020
  102. Implementing Optogenetic Modulation in Mechanotransduction. Phys Rev X, 2020
  103. Light-inducible generation of membrane curvature in live cells with engineered BAR domain proteins. ACS Synth Biol, 2020
  104. A Live-Cell Screen for Altered Erk Dynamics Reveals Principles of Proliferative Control. Cell Syst, 2020
  105. SRRF-stream imaging of optogenetically controlled furrow formation shows localized and coordinated endocytosis and exocytosis mediating membrane remodeling. ACS Synth Biol, 2020
  106. Rapid Dynamics of Signal-Dependent Transcriptional Repression by Capicua. Dev Cell, 2020
  107. Optogenetic engineering to probe the molecular choreography of STIM1-mediated cell signaling. Nat Commun, 2020
  108. Tunable light and drug induced depletion of target proteins. Nat Commun, 2020
  109. Dynamic organelle distribution initiates actin-based spindle migration in mouse oocytes. Nat Commun, 2020
  110. Ras acts as a molecular switch between two forms of consolidated memory in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2020
  111. Engineered BRET-Based Biologic Light Sources Enable Spatiotemporal Control over Diverse Optogenetic Systems. ACS Synth Biol, 2019
  112. Optimizing photoswitchable MEK. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2019
  113. The importance of cell-cell interaction dynamics in bottom-up tissue engineering: Concepts of colloidal self-assembly in the fabrication of multicellular architectures. Nano Lett, 2019
  114. Optogenetic activation of intracellular antibodies for direct modulation of endogenous proteins. Nat Methods, 2019
  115. Light controlled cell-to-cell adhesion and chemical communication in minimal synthetic cells. Chem Commun (Camb), 2019
  116. High-throughput multicolor optogenetics in microwell plates. Nat Protoc, 2019
  117. Optogenetic downregulation of protein levels with an ultrasensitive switch. ACS Synth Biol, 2019
  118. Reversible induction of mitophagy by an optogenetic bimodular system. Nat Commun, 2019
  119. Physical Plasma Membrane Perturbation Using Subcellular Optogenetics Drives Integrin-Activated Cell Migration. ACS Synth Biol, 2019
  120. Signaling Dynamics Control Cell Fate in the Early Drosophila Embryo. Dev Cell, 2019
  121. A Photoactivatable Botulinum Neurotoxin for Inducible Control of Neurotransmission. Neuron, 2019
  122. Mapping Local and Global Liquid Phase Behavior in Living Cells Using Photo-Oligomerizable Seeds. Cell, 2018
  123. Liquid Nuclear Condensates Mechanically Sense and Restructure the Genome. Cell, 2018
  124. Light-Guided Motility of a Minimal Synthetic Cell. Nano Lett, 2018
  125. Increasing spatial resolution of photoregulated GTPases through immobilized peripheral membrane proteins. Small GTPases, 2018
  126. Reversible Social Self-Sorting of Colloidal Cell-Mimics with Blue Light Switchable Proteins. ACS Synth Biol, 2018
  127. Membrane Flow Drives an Adhesion-Independent Amoeboid Cell Migration Mode. Dev Cell, 2018
  128. Dynein-Dynactin-NuMA clusters generate cortical spindle-pulling forces as a multi-arm ensemble. Elife, 2018
  129. Optogenetic reversible knocksideways, laser ablation, and photoactivation on the mitotic spindle in human cells. Methods Cell Biol, 2018
  130. Optogenetic Control of Cell Migration. Methods Mol Biol, 2018
  131. Light-activated protein interaction with high spatial subcellular confinement. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2018
  132. Dynamic blue light-switchable protein patterns on giant unilamellar vesicles. Chem Commun (Camb), 2018
  133. Control of microtubule dynamics using an optogenetic microtubule plus end-F-actin cross-linker. J Cell Biol, 2017
  134. Optogenetic Control of Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Tethering. ACS Synth Biol, 2017
  135. Time-gated detection of protein-protein interactions with transcriptional readout. Elife, 2017
  136. Intracellular production of hydrogels and synthetic RNA granules by multivalent molecular interactions. Nat Mater, 2017
  137. Vesicle Docking Is a Key Target of Local PI(4,5)P2 Metabolism in the Secretory Pathway of INS-1 Cells. Cell Rep, 2017
  138. Photocontrolled reversible self-assembly of dodecamer nitrilase. Bioresour Bioprocess, 2017
  139. Cells lay their own tracks: optogenetic Cdc42 activation stimulates fibronectin deposition supporting directed migration. J Cell Sci, 2017
  140. Temporally precise labeling and control of neuromodulatory circuits in the mammalian brain. Nat Methods, 2017
  141. Evolution of a split RNA polymerase as a versatile biosensor platform. Nat Chem Biol, 2017
  142. The Spatiotemporal Limits of Developmental Erk Signaling. Dev Cell, 2017
  143. Tuning the Binding Affinities and Reversion Kinetics of a Light Inducible Dimer Allows Control of Transmembrane Protein Localization. Biochemistry, 2016
  144. Light-induced nuclear export reveals rapid dynamics of epigenetic modifications. Nat Chem Biol, 2016
  145. Subcellular optogenetic activation of Cdc42 controls local and distal signaling to drive immune cell migration. Mol Biol Cell, 2016
  146. Correlating in Vitro and in Vivo Activities of Light-Inducible Dimers: A Cellular Optogenetics Guide. ACS Synth Biol, 2015
  147. Engineering an improved light-induced dimer (iLID) for controlling the localization and activity of signaling proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2014
  148. Optogenetic actuator - ERK biosensor circuits identify MAPK network nodes that shape ERK dynamics. Mol Syst Biol, 2022
  149. Using Optogenetics to Spatially Control Cortical Dynein Activity in Mitotic Human Cells. Methods Mol Biol, 2023
  150. Application of Optogenetics to Probe the Signaling Dynamics of Cell Fate Decision-Making. Methods Mol Biol, 2023
  151. Nano-optogenetic CAR-T Cell Immunotherapy. Methods Mol Biol, 2024
  152. Controlling the Subcellular Localization of Signaling Proteins Using Chemically Induced Dimerization and Optogenetics. Methods Mol Biol, 2024